This book puts human beings back at the heart of the economic process. It shows how this classical, human-centred tradition, stretching from Adam Smith onward, gives us a much better understanding of economic events - and what to do about them - than the mechanistic, mathematical models of too many economists and planners today.' - Eamonn Butler, The Adam Smith Institute, UK'David Simpson writes about key economic issues with admirable lucidity. He draws deeply on experience as well as on his knowledge of economic theory.' - Asa Briggs David Simpson skilfully argues that a market economy can be best understood as a human complex system, a perspective that represents a continuation of the classical tradition in economic thought. In the classical tradition, growth rather than allocative efficiency is the principal object of enquiry, economic phenomena are recognised to be elements of processes rather than structures, and change is evolutionary. The book shows the common principles that connect the early classical school, the Austrian school and complexity theory in a single line of thought. It goes on to show how these principles can be applied to explain the characteristic features of a market economy - namely incessant change, growth, the business cycle and the market process itself - and argues that static equilibrium theory, whether neoclassical or neo-Keynesian, cannot satisfactorily account for these phenomena. This fascinating book will provide a stimulating read for academics, postgraduate students and all those with an interest in economic theory and economic policy. Contents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Human Behaviour 3. Qualitative Change and Quantitative Growth 4. Adaptation, Emergence and Evolution 5. Self-organisation and Complexity 6. Markets, Competition and Entrepreneurship 7. Specialisation and Growth 8. Prosperity and Recession 9. Government 10. The Rediscovery of Classical Economics Bibliography Index

Traditionally, Wordsworth s greatness is founded on his identity as the poet of nature and solitude. The Wordsworthian imagination is seen as an essentially private faculty, its very existence premised on the absence of other people. In this title, first published in 1987, David Simpson challenges this established view of Wordsworth, arguing that it fails to recognize and explain the importance of the context of the public sphere and the social environment to the authentic experience of the imagination. Wordsworth s preoccupation with the metaphors of property and labour shows him to be acutely anxious about the value of his art in a world that he regarded as corrupted. Through close examination of a few important poems, both well-known and relatively unknown, Simpson shows that there is no unitary, public Wordsworth, nor is there a conflict or tension between the private and the public. The absence of any clear kind of authority in the voice that speaks the poems makes Wordsworth s poetry, in Simpson s phrase, a poetry of displacement . "

Psychoanalytic psychotherapy is a new development in the treatment of people with learning disabilities and mental health problems, traditionally handled with behavioural management and limited counselling. The collected papers have evolved from the work of the pioneering Learning Disabilities Service at the Tavistock Clinic. Demonstrating the vast range of work undertaken by members of the service, covering treatment for children, adolescents and adults, it contains an in-depth look at life in residential settings and at audit and research. This book is especially pertinent to those already engaged in work with this patient-group, and will also be of interest to general practitioners, students and also non-specialists.The papers collected here draw on, elaborate and further explore this centrally important tradition of bringing psychoanalytic concepts to bear on the opaque, puzzling and painful states of mind of the learning disabled referred for psychotherapeutic help. These concepts are drawn from a range of professional experience, in particular, that of insight into the nature of early mother/infant interactions, and their special complexities where learning disability is concerned."The various chapters movingly and challengingly emphasise the impressive changes that can be achieved within the general framework of psychodynamic practice. The approach demonstrates how, through adaptations and innovations of technique, people and institutions can move towards a greater understanding of the almost unbearable difficulties of this group of patients, and also of their potentialities."-- From the Series Editor s PrefaceContributors include Annie Baikie, Marta Cioeta, Louise Emanuel, Lydia Hartland-Rowe, Nancy Sheppard, Sally Hodges, Maria Kakogianni, Pauline Lee, Victoria Mattison, Lynda Miller, Sadegh Nashat, Nancy Pistrang, Elisa Reyes-Simpson, David SimpsonJudith Usiskin"

Intended as an informative but light and accessible exploration of all things Geordie, this book examines the origins of the Geordie dialect of Tyneside, through its Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian and Dutch roots. It includes an A-Z glossary of Geordie words along with explanations of the Northumberland burr and topographical words like chare, lonnen, heugh and haugh. The book examines the Geordie dialect's relationship to the Scots language and Geordie's place in a wider European context. The book includes a table comparing Geordie and north European words including those of Scandinavia. The two main theories explaining how the word Geordie came about are examined linking its roots to either the Jacobite rebellion of 1715 or the development of a miners' safety lamp - the Geordie lamp - by George Stephenson in 1815. Comparisons are made to the neighbouring dialects of Sunderland, Northumberland and Teesside and the book pinpoints the origins of local rivalries within the region. Some of the best-known Geordie songs are featured in the book including the Blaydon Races, Keel Row, Bonny Bobby Shafto and Cushie Butterfield with an explanation of their origins. There is a brief history of Newcastle Brown Ale, Newcastle United, the Geordie Netty and some examples of Geordie food. There are features on the keelmen, a particularly distinct Tyneside community who made a significant contribution to Tyneside culture and an examination of their links to the Tudor and Elizabethan clans called the Border Reivers. The reiving roots of the Geordie surnames Charlton, Robson and Armstrong are explored in which it is revealed that the region's passion for football is more than four centuries old.

This new reading of Wordworth's poetry by leading critic David Simpson centers on its almost obsessive representation of spectral forms and images of death in life. Wordsworth is reacting, Simpson argues, to the massive changes in the condition of England and the modern world at the turn of the century: mass warfare; the increased scope of machine-driven labor and urbanization; and the expanding power of commodity form in rendering economic and social exchange more and more abstract, more and more distant from human agency and control. Reading Wordsworth alongside Marx and Derrida, Simpson examines the genesis of an attitude of concern which exemplifies the predicament of modern subjectivity as it faces suffering and distress.

Antony Gormley's Angel of the North has only been around since 1998 but it is hard to imagine Gateshead without it. Today it is the most widely recognised symbol of Gateshead and the North East and has quickly become a cherished national icon. There is something extraordinarily welcoming about the Angel; with its wings outstretched in its lofty setting overlooking the A1 it gives the onlooker a sense of arrival. This book tells the story of the Angel of the North and the site on which it stands. It features facts, quotes and opinions about the Angel and its setting and its lasting legacy.

Expertise, Pedagogy and Practice takes as its focus recent work on situated and embodied cognition, the concepts of expertise, skill and practice, and contemporary pedagogical theory. This work has made important steps towards overcoming traditional intellectualist and individualist models of cognition, group interaction and learning, but has in turn generated a number of important questions about the shape of a model that emphasizes learning and interaction as situated and embodied. Bringing together philosophers, cognitive scientists and education theorists, the collection asks and explores a variety of different questions. Can a group learn? Is expertise distributed? How can we make sense of a normative dimension of expertise or skill? How situation-specific is expertise? How can groups shape or generate expert practice? Through these lenses, this collection advances a more experientially holistic approach to the characterisation and growth of human expertise. This book was originally published as a special issue of Educational Philosophy and Theory.

Ay youse lads, berds, scallies and twirlies, youse awrice? Ay 'ope youse are feelin' dead grace, sound, sick, belter and proper boss. This is a book about Scouse, the language of Liverpool and how it evolved. It goes back to early times looking at the different groups of people who have contributed to Liverpool's rich speech and culture and examines the features that make Scouse so unique. 'Opefully yous'll lern a lorra Scouse werds and frazers from deekin troo de pages of dis bewk and darryl lern ye to speak proper Scouse lah.

Traditionally, Wordsworth's greatness is founded on his identity as the poet of nature and solitude. The Wordsworthian imagination is seen as an essentially private faculty, its very existence premised on the absence of other people. In this title, first published in 1987, David Simpson challenges this established view of Wordsworth, arguing that it fails to recognize and explain the importance of the context of the public sphere and the social environment to the authentic experience of the imagination. Wordsworth's preoccupation with the metaphors of property and labour shows him to be acutely anxious about the value of his art in a world that he regarded as corrupted. Through close examination of a few important poems, both well-known and relatively unknown, Simpson shows that there is no unitary, public Wordsworth, nor is there a conflict or tension between the private and the public. The absence of any clear kind of authority in the voice that speaks the poems makes Wordsworth's poetry, in Simpson's phrase, a 'poetry of displacement'.

This book looks at what has actually happened when new technology has been deployed in an industrial and commercial environment. It considers the economic impact of new technology on three groups of organisations: firms, governments and trade unions.

Recent thinking has resuscitated civility as an important paradigm for engaging with a violence that must be deemed endemic to our lives. But, while it is widely acknowledged that civility works against violence, and that literature generates or accompanies civility and engenders tolerance, civility has also been understood as violence in disguise, and literature, which has only rarely sought to claim the power of violence, has often been accused of inciting it. This book sets out to describe the ways in which these words—violence, literature and civility—and the concepts they evoke are mutually entangled, and the uses to which these entanglements have been put. Simpson's argument follows a broadly historical trajectory through the long modern period from the Renaissance to the present, drawing on the work of historians, political scientists, literary scholars and philosophers. The result is a distinctly new argument about the complex and often mystified entanglements between literature, civility and violence in the anglophone Atlantic sphere. What now are our expectations of civility and literature, separately and together? How do these long-familiar but residually imprecise concepts stand up to the demands of the modern world? Simpson's argument is that, despite and perhaps because of their imperfect conceptualization, both persist as important protocols for the critique of violence.

Psychoanalytic psychotherapy is a new development in the treatment of people with learning disabilities and mental health problems, which traditionally has utilised behavioural management and limited counselling. The papers collected here have evolved from the work of the pioneering Learning Disabilities Service at the Tavistock Clinic, London, which is made up from specialised professionals from the fields of psychology, psychiatry, child and adolescent psychotherapy, adult psychotherapy and social work. The service mainly offers individual psychotherapy but also provides group work, parent work, family therapy and consultative work with professionals where necessary.

This book looks at what has actually happened when new technology has been deployed in an industrial and commercial environment. It considers the economic impact of new technology on three groups of organisations: firms, governments and trade unions.

Recent thinking has resuscitated civility as an important paradigm for engaging with a violence that must be deemed endemic to our lives. But, while it is widely acknowledged that civility works against violence, and that literature generates or accompanies civility and engenders tolerance, civility has also been understood as violence in disguise, and literature, which has only rarely sought to claim the power of violence, has often been accused of inciting it. This book sets out to describe the ways in which these words—violence, literature and civility—and the concepts they evoke are mutually entangled, and the uses to which these entanglements have been put. Simpson's argument follows a broadly historical trajectory through the long modern period from the Renaissance to the present, drawing on the work of historians, political scientists, literary scholars and philosophers. The result is a distinctly new argument about the complex and often mystified entanglements between literature, civility and violence in the anglophone Atlantic sphere. What now are our expectations of civility and literature, separately and together? How do these long-familiar but residually imprecise concepts stand up to the demands of the modern world? Simpson's argument is that, despite and perhaps because of their imperfect conceptualization, both persist as important protocols for the critique of violence.

This book is a comprehensive review of the genera of Hydrocharitaceae, a flowering plant family, found in tropical East Africa. It presents information on their character, occurrence, habitat, phenotypic variations and distribution of each of the species under these genera.

Several senior natural resource analysts study the role played by innovation, particularly technological innovation, in the pursuit of heightened productivity. Increasing the output of a given input improves a firm's bottom line, makes it more competitive internationally, and reduces the potential for resource depletion and shortages. Thus, high productivity is a necessary ingredient of economic prosperity. This book illustrates the importance of technological innovation in achieving an acceptable level of output and efficiency.

In this important new offering, a team of resource scholars describes and chronicles the development of recent innovations in selected natural resource industries. The authors also reveal the causes, sources, and net effect of such innovation on productivity. In all of these sectors productivity has increased considerably since the early 1980s, although the level of improvement varies across industries. To what degree did technological innovation contribute to that increase?

Individual detailed case studies detail important innovations in America's coal, petroleum, copper, and forest industries. The primary focus is on extraction and production technologies, although the existence and importance of innovation in other areas such as management technique also enter the picture. For example, the combination of new technology with restructuring seems to have breathed new life into a floundering U.S. copper industry. The authors describe the origin and diffusion of important innovation, and the concluding chapter quantifies the net effect of such innovation on productivity.

This new title in the Crossbill Guides covers the well-known region of Dordogne in southwestern France. Like all other Crossbill Guides, this title poses and answers two key questions: what makes this area so special and how you can experience this uniqueness for yourself. This book describes the flora and fauna, landscape and traditional land use of this region plus 21 detailed routes and around 50 sites with specific suggestions on where and how to find the birds, wildlife and flora. The Dordogne area in south-west France has a remarkable range of wild landscapes. The beautiful rivers include tidal sections, marshes, cliffs and upland tributary streams set amongst limestone-dominated hills. Elsewhere diverse woodlands, hay meadows, caves, heathlands, arable plateaux plus ancient vineyards and villages also offer visitors great wildlife experiences in what has been called 'the cradle of mankind'.

Sets out an ordered system of the arts - music, painting, sculpture, narrative, poetry and tragedy - based on the precepts of German Idealism.

How have we come to depend so greatly on the words terror and terrorism to describe broad categories of violence? David Simpson offers here a philology of terror, tracking the concept's long, complicated history across literature, philosophy, political science, and theology--from Plato to NATO. Introducing the concept of the "fear-terror cluster," Simpson is able to capture the wide range of terms that we have used to express extreme emotional states over the centuries--from anxiety, awe, and concern to dread, fear, and horror. He shows that the choices we make among such words to describe shades of feeling have seriously shaped the attribution of motives, causes, and effects of the word "terror" today, particularly when violence is deployed by or against the state. At a time when terror-talk is widely and damagingly exploited by politicians and the media, this book unpacks the slippery rhetoric of terror and will prove a vital resource across humanistic and social sciences disciplines.

This 2009 reading of Wordworth's poetry by leading critic David Simpson centres on its almost obsessive representation of spectral forms and images of death in life. Wordsworth is reacting, Simpson argues, to the massive changes in the condition of England and the modern world at the turn of the century: mass warfare; the increased scope of machine-driven labour and urbanisation; and the expanding power of commodity form in rendering economic and social exchange more and more abstract, more and more distant from human agency and control. Reading Wordsworth alongside Marx and Derrida, Simpson examines the genesis of an attitude of concern which exemplifies the predicament of modern subjectivity as it faces suffering and distress.

Beginning life on the banks of the Mersey flanked by a castle and the adjoining 'Pool', Liverpool has grown into a city of worldwide fame with many fine streets and a magnificent waterfront. It is a city with an unrivalled reputation as a pool of talent and culture that is the envy of many British cities. This fact-filled book tells the story of Liverpool through its landmark buildings, streets and suburbs, exploring Liverpool's history from its origins as a humble little port of seven streets to its emergence as the second city of the British Empire.

Originally published in 1988, this book provides a comprehensive anthology in English of the major texts of German literary and aesthetic theory between Lessing and Hegel. It represents a one-volume compendium of the three-volume set of German Aesthetic and Literary Criticism published by Cambridge University Press in 1984 and 1985. The texts contained in this volume are crucial to an understanding not only of the Romantic period itself, but also of the foundational concepts and arguments of literary theory. An exceptional resource, this book will be indispensable to literary theorists, philosophers, political scientists, and anyone else interested in the contributions of Romantic aesthetics to nineteenth-century and later theories of social organisation.

R. David Simpson Norman L. Christensen, Jr. Human Activity and Ecosystem Function: Reconciling Economics and Ecology Recognizing the need to improve social decision making on tradeoffs between economic growth and ecological health, the Renewable Natural Resources Foundation convened a workshop in October 1995 on "Human Activity and Ecosystem Function: Reconciling Economics and Ecology. " While the subtitle perhaps reflected unrealistic expectations, the presentations and discus sions at the workshop were a preliminary step toward that rec onciliation: bringing together ecologists, economists, other nat ural and social scientists, and policy makers to layout the issues, articulate their needs and perspectives, and identify common ground for further work. This volume contains the pa pers presented and reports generated from the workshop. We emphasize ecology and economics in this discussion. We could argue that organizing our inquiry around these diSCiplines is only natural. Ecology is the study of behavior of organisms within complex systems composed of a myriad of other organ isms and their physical environments. Increasingly, this disci pline has focused on how interactions among biological and physical components influence the overall functioning of ecosys tems. These components are increasingly being determined by viii Ecosystem Function and Human Activities human activities. Economics is the study of how we decide which of our needs and wants we choose to satisfy given our limited re sources."

Perhaps the most powerful feature of the Romantic imagination is its ability to dissolve existing form and order and create it anew. The Romantic investigation of the functions of the imagination also leads to important insights concerning its problems and dangers. Because it separates the person experiencing it from others around him, the imagination introduces ways of seeing which cannot be assumed to be simply communicable or easily shared, and which have as their objects different forms or 'things'. These forms, or figures, risk becoming for their originators both vehicles of power, in so far as they do convince others of their reality, and limiting constructs of prefigured order, inhibiting their users from the perception of new relations and alternative meanings. When the figured becomes the real, there thus arise difficulties in both individual and social perceptions. Arguing from the stance that all perception takes place by a creative (and hence potentially divisive) assembly of images or qualities into things, David Simpson shows that the analysis of figurative representation in Wordsworth's writing is of central importance to his idea of the human mind, and the way in which it is affected or allowed to function by its environment, both human and physical. In this way Wordsworth's ideas about the function of literature in society are seen to be more fully worked out than readers have often assumed them to be. Simpson pays particular attention to the ethical consequences of different ways of figuring the real, offering an explanation of Wordsworth's distinction between life in the town and life among the mountains and lakes of north-west England. In relating Wordsworth's poetry to important contemporary debates in political economy such as those concerning the division of labour and the evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of commerce and luxury, he suggests that Wordsworth is a notable precursor of that nineteenth-century tradition which sees the mind as open to critical determination by social and environmental factors.